Which activities are part of the PLAN phase?

• A. Risk profiling
• B. Policy
• C. Accident investigation
• D. Planning

Answer: (B)

In the PLAN phase, the core task is to set the direction for how safety will be managed. The best choice is establishing a policy because it is the formal statement of management’s commitment to safety. This policy defines the organization’s aims, the approach to risk management, responsibilities, and the authority to allocate resources. It provides the framework within which all planning, risk assessment, and control decisions are made, so it effectively anchors the entire planning process.

Accident investigation, while essential for learning and improving the system, occurs after an incident and feeds back into planning and control; it is not a planning activity in itself. Risk profiling relates to understanding hazards and risks and informs planning, but it’s not the defining document that sets the overall direction. And “planning” as a label describes the phase rather than a specific activity you perform within it.